Electroweak Phase Transition in a Dark Sector with CP Violation

TL;DR

This paper explores a model with a dark sector featuring CP violation and scalar fields, demonstrating the possibility of a strong first-order electroweak phase transition and implications for baryogenesis.

Contribution

It introduces the 'CP in the Dark' model with a specific scalar sector and CP violation mechanism, analyzing its potential for electroweak baryogenesis.

Findings

Strong first-order electroweak phase transition is possible in the model.

Finite-temperature CP violation can be generated spontaneously.

The model offers a viable dark matter candidate and baryogenesis mechanism.

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of a strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) in the model `CP in the Dark'. The Higgs sector of the model consists of two scalar doublets and one scalar singlet with a specific discrete symmetry. After spontaneous symmetry breaking the model has a Standard-Model-like phenomenology and a hidden scalar sector with a viable Dark Matter candidate supplemented by explicit CP violation that solely occurs in the hidden sector. The model `CP in the Dark' has been implemented in the C++ code BSMPT v2.3 which performs a global minimisation of the finite-temperature one-loop corrected effective potential and searches for SFOEWPTs. An SFOEWPT is found to be allowed in a broad range of the parameter space. Furthermore, there are parameter scenarios where spontaneous CP violation is generated at finite temperature. The in addition spontaneously broken $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry then leads to mixing between the dark and the visible sector so that CP violation in the dark is promoted at finite temperature to the visible sector and thereby provides additional sources of CP violation that are not restricted by the electric dipole moment measurements at zero temperature. Thus, `CP in the Dark' provides a promising candidate for the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the universe through electroweak baryogenesis.