Universal relations for dilute systems with two-body decays in reduced dimensions

TL;DR

This paper establishes universal relations linking two-body inelastic loss rates to other physical observables in reduced-dimensional systems, aiding experimental studies of inelastic scattering in ultracold atomic and molecular systems.

Contribution

It introduces universal relations for two-body decay rates in reduced dimensions, connecting them to measurable quantities across various temperatures and interaction strengths.

Findings

Universal relations for inelastic loss rates derived

Applicable to arbitrary temperatures and interactions

Provides a new experimental protocol for reduced-dimensional systems

Abstract

Physical systems in reduced dimensions exhibit intriguing properties. For instance, the dependences of two-body and many-body physics on scattering lengths are distinct from their counterparts in three dimensions. Whereas many studies of ultracold atoms and molecules in reduced dimensions have been focusing on closed systems, two-body losses may occur in such systems. Here, we show that the two-body inelastic loss rate in reduced dimensions can be expressed in universal relations that are governed by contacts. These universal relations correlate the two-body decay rate with other physical observables at arbitrary temperatures and interaction strengths. Our results will provide experimentalists with a new protocol to study inelastic scatterings in both few- and many-body systems in reduced dimensions.