Domain Decomposition Framework for Maxwell Finite Element Solvers and Application to PIC

TL;DR

This paper introduces a domain decomposition framework for Maxwell finite element solvers to improve computational efficiency and charge conservation in particle-in-cell simulations, addressing limitations of traditional FDTD methods.

Contribution

It develops two finite element tearing and integration approaches to create domain decomposition schemes for EM-FEMPIC, enhancing performance and charge conservation.

Findings

Demonstrates charge conservation in simulations

Shows reduction in computational costs

Validates methods on multiple problems

Abstract

The most popular methods for self-consistent simulation of fields interacting with charged species is using finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods together with Newton's laws of motion to evolve locations and velocities of particles. Despite their popularity, the limitation of FDTD particle in cell (EM-FDTDPIC) methods are well known. To address these, there has been significant interest over the past decade in exploring alternatives. In the past few years, the advances in electromagnetic finite element methods for particle in cell (EM-FEMPIC) has advanced by leaps and bounds. The mathematics necessary for implicit FEM methods that are unconditionally stable and charge conserving are now well understood. Some of these advances are more recent. The next bottleneck necessary to make EM-FEMPIC competitive with FDTD based scheme is overcoming computational cost. Our approach to resolving this challenge is develop two different finite element tearing and integration approaches, and using these to create domain decomposition schemes for EM-FEMPIC. Details of the proposed methodology are presented as well as a number of results that demonstrates charge conservation as well as amelioration of costs for a number of problems.