Integrated Geostationary Solar Energetic Particle Events Catalog: GSEP

TL;DR

This paper introduces a comprehensive, verified catalog of 341 solar energetic particle events from three solar cycles, integrating multiple data sources to aid space weather prediction research.

Contribution

It provides a homogenized, verified dataset of SEP events with detailed metadata and time series data, enhancing resources for machine learning and statistical analysis in space weather studies.

Findings

Identified 341 SEP events across three solar cycles.

245 events exceed the SWPC threshold for significant proton activity.

Publicly released time series and metadata facilitate advanced analysis.

Abstract

We present a catalog of solar energetic particle (SEP) events covering solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. We correlate and integrate three existing catalogs based on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) integral proton flux data. We visually verified and labeled each event in the catalog to provide a homogenized data set. We have identified a total of 341 SEP events of which 245 cross the space weather prediction center (SWPC) threshold of a significant proton event. The metadata consists of physical parameters and observables concerning the possible source solar eruptions, namely flares and coronal mass ejections for each event. The sliced time series data of each event, along with intensity profiles of proton fluxes in several energy bands, have been made publicly available. This data set enables researchers in machine learning (ML) and statistical analysis to understand the SEPs and the source eruption characteristics useful for space weather prediction.