P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 nanoparticle composite films mediate piezoelectric stimulation and promote differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

TL;DR

This study demonstrates that P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 nanoparticle composite films, combined with ultrasound stimulation, effectively induce neuronal differentiation via the direct piezoelectric effect, offering a new approach for neuronal stimulation.

Contribution

It introduces the use of polymer/ceramic composite films with ultrasound for neuronal stimulation through the direct piezoelectric effect, a novel application in this context.

Findings

BTNPs significantly enhance piezoelectric properties of the films

Films support SH-SY5Y cell viability and differentiation

Ultrasound stimulation induces Ca2+ transients and promotes differentiation

Abstract

Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene, P(VDF-TrFE)) and P(VDF-TrFE)/barium titanate nanoparticle (BTNP) films are prepared and tested as substrates for neuronal stimulation through direct piezoelectric effect. Films are characterized in terms of surface, mechanical, and piezoelectric features before in vitro testing on SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, BTNPs significantly improve piezoelectric properties of the films (4.5-fold increased d31). Both kinds of films support good SH-SY5Y viability and differentiation. Ultrasound (US) stimulation is proven to elicit Ca2+ transients and to enhance differentiation in cells grown on the piezoelectric substrates. For the first time in the literature, this study demonstrates the suitability of polymer/ceramic composite films and US for neuronal stimulation through direct piezoelectric effect.