Clusters of galaxies up to z=1.5 identified from photometric data of the Dark Energy Survey and unWISE

TL;DR

This paper presents a large catalog of galaxy clusters up to redshift 1.5 identified from photometric data, including many new clusters, and cross-matches with X-ray and SZ surveys to enhance cluster characterization.

Contribution

It introduces a new extensive galaxy cluster catalog derived from Dark Energy Survey and unWISE data, with cross-matching to X-ray and SZ cluster catalogs, including many newly identified clusters.

Findings

Identified 151,244 galaxy clusters up to z=1.5.

Discovered 76,826 new clusters, 30,477 of which are at z>1.

Achieved high correspondence with SZ and X-ray cluster catalogs.

Abstract

Using photometric data from the Dark Energy Survey and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, we estimate photometric redshifts for 105 million galaxies using the nearest-neighbour algorithm. From such a large data base, 151,244 clusters of galaxies are identified in the redshift range of 0.1<z<1.5 based on the overdensity of the total stellar mass of galaxies within a given photometric redshift slice, among which 76,826 clusters are newly identified and 30,477 clusters have a redshift z>1. We cross-match these clusters with those in the catalogues identified from the X-ray surveys and the Sunyaev--Zel'dovich (SZ) effect by the Planck, South Pole Telescope and Atacama Cosmology Telescope surveys, and get the redshifts for 45 X-ray clusters and 56 SZ clusters. More than 95 percent SZ clusters in the sky region have counterparts in our catalogue. We find multiple optical clusters in the line of sight towards about 15 percent of SZ clusters.