Gravitational waves and monopoles dark matter from first-order phase transition

TL;DR

This paper explores how dark monopoles produced during first-order phase transitions could contribute to dark matter, with implications for gravitational wave detection by future observatories.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of dark monopole production during phase transitions and their potential role as dark matter, linking particle physics with gravitational wave signals.

Findings

Dark monopoles can account for a small fraction of dark matter in detectable gravitational wave parameter spaces.

Fast phase transitions can produce monopoles that significantly contribute to dark matter.

Strong gravitational waves from phase transitions are correlated with monopole relic densities.

Abstract

We study the possibility of monopoles serving as dark matter when they are produced during the first-order phase transition in the dark sector. Our study shows that dark monopoles can contribute only a small piece of dark matter relic density within parameter spaces where strong gravitational waves can be probed by ET and CE, and the monopoles can contribute a sizable component of the observed dark matter relic density for fast phase transitions with short duration.