Bi-algebraicity in the rank one Riemann--Hilbert correspondence via o-minimality

TL;DR

This paper provides a new o-minimality-based proof characterizing bi-algebraic subvarieties in the rank one Riemann--Hilbert correspondence, extending to Mumford curves in a p-adic setting.

Contribution

It introduces an o-minimality approach to characterize bi-algebraic subvarieties in the rank one case and adapts this method to p-adic Mumford curves.

Findings

New o-minimal proof of Simpson's characterization

Extension of methods to p-adic Mumford curves

Enhanced understanding of bi-algebraic structures

Abstract

For a smooth, projective, complex algebraic variety $X$, the Riemann--Hilbert correspondence establishes a complex analytic isomorphism between the `Betti moduli space' of rank $n$ local systems on $X^\mathrm{an}$ and the `de Rham moduli space' of rank $n$ vector bundles with flat connection on $X$. In the rank one case, C. Simpson precisely characterizes the subvarieties of these moduli spaces that are `bi-algebraic' for this typically transcendental, analytic isomorphism. In this short note, we give a new proof of this characterization of Simpson, using methods from o-minimal geometry. We adapt the o-minimal proof to a p-adic setting, namely that of Mumford curves.