Flavour anomalies and dark matter assisted unification in $SO(10)$ GUT

TL;DR

This paper proposes a minimal extension of the Standard Model with a scalar leptoquark and fermion triplet to explain flavor anomalies, dark matter, and achieve gauge coupling unification within a non-supersymmetric SO(10) GUT framework.

Contribution

It introduces a novel minimal particle extension that simultaneously addresses flavor anomalies, dark matter, and gauge unification in SO(10) GUTs.

Findings

Scalar leptoquark explains flavor anomalies like $R_K$, $R_{K^{(*)}}$, $R_{D^{(*)}}$, $R_{J/ ho}$.

Fermion triplet provides a dark matter candidate.

Unification of gauge couplings achieved with new particles, consistent with proton decay constraints.

Abstract

With the recent experimental hint of new physics from flavor physics anomalies, combined with the evidence from neutrino mass and dark matter, we consider a minimal extension of SM with a scalar leptoquark and a fermion triplet. The scalar leptoquark with couplings to leptons and quarks can explain lepton flavor non-universality observables $R_K$, $R_{K^{(*)}}$, $R_{D^{(*)}}$ and $R_{J/\psi}$. Neutral component of fermion triplet provides current abundance of dark matter in the Universe. The interesting feature of the proposal is that the minimal addition of these phenomenologically rich particles (scalar leptoquark and fermion triplet) assist in realizing the unification of the gauge couplings associated with the strong and electroweak forces of standard model when embedded in the non-supersymmetric $SO(10)$ grand unified theory. We discuss on unification mass scale and the corresponding proton decay constraints while taking into account the GUT threshold corrections.