Search for an efficient entanglement witness operator for bound entangled states in bipartite quantum systems

TL;DR

This paper develops an analytical entanglement witness operator capable of detecting both NPT and PPT bound entangled states more effectively than existing criteria, enhancing experimental feasibility in quantum information processing.

Contribution

The authors construct a new entanglement witness operator using linear maps from partial transposition and realignment, demonstrating improved detection of bound entangled states.

Findings

Detects more bound entangled states than existing criteria

Successfully identifies both NPT and PPT entangled states

Outperforms criteria like dV, CCNR, and CT in detection power

Abstract

Entanglement detection problem is one of the important problem in quantum information theory. Gurvit showed that this problem is NP complete and thus this may be the possible reason that only one criterion is not sufficient to detect all entangled states. There are some powerful entanglement detection criterion such as partial transposition criterion, realignment criterion but it may not be possible to implement them successfully in the experiment. This situation can be avoided if the entanglement is detected through the construction of witness operator method. In this work, we take an analytical approach to construct a witness operator. To achieve this task, we first construct a linear map using partial transposition and realignment operation. Then we find some conditions on the parameters of the map for which the map represent a positive map. Further, we have constructed a Choi matrix corresponding to the map and have shown that it is not completely positive. We then construct an entanglement witness operator, which is based on the linear combination of the function of Choi matrix and the identity matrix and it can detect both NPTES and PPTES. Finally, we prove its efficiency by detecting several bipartite bound entangled states which were previously undetected by some well-known separability criteria. We also compared the detection power of our witness operator with three well-known powerful entanglement detection criteria, namely, dV criterion, CCNR criterion and the separability criteria based on correlation tensor (CT) proposed by Sarbicki et. al. and find that our witness operator detect more entangled states than these criterion.