Inverse scattering problem with a bare state

TL;DR

This paper develops and analyzes potential models to understand the role of bare states in hadron physics, solving inverse scattering problems and applying the models to various hadronic systems.

Contribution

It introduces three potential models for bare states, explores their properties, and provides a framework to quantify the importance of bare states in bound states.

Findings

Separable potential model approximates near-threshold physics with small error.

Bare-state dominance approximation shows shallow bound states have small bare-state proportion.

Model 'bcc' reveals the presence of a CDD zero and helps estimate the potential ratio.

Abstract

In hadron physics, molecular-like multihadron states can interact with compact multiquark states. The latter are modeled as bare states in the Hilbert space of a potential model. In this work, we study several potential models relevant to the bare state, and solve their inverse scattering problems. The first model, called "cc", is a separable potential model. We show that it can approximate (single-channel short-range) $S$-wave near-threshold physics with an error of $\mathcal{O}(\beta^3/M_V^3)$, where $\beta$ sets the maximum momentum of the near-threshold region and $M_V$ is the typical scale of the potential. The second model, called "bc", serves as the bare-state-dominance approximation, where interaction between continuum states is ignored. Under this model, even though the bare state is always crucial for a bound state's generation, a shallow bound state naturally tends to have a small bare-state proportion. Therefore, we need other quantities to quantify the importance of the bare state. The last model, called "bcc", is a combination of the first two models. This model not only serves as a correction to the bare-state-dominance approximation, but can also be used to understand the interplay between quark and hadron degrees of freedom. This model naturally leads to the presence of a Castillejo-Dalitz-Dyson (CDD) zero. We consider the energy decomposition of a bound state. The potential ratio of the bare-continuum interaction to the continuum self-interaction is proposed to understand how the bound state is generated. Model independently, an inequality for the potential ratio is derived. Based on the model "bcc", the CDD zero can be used to estimate the potential ratio. Finally, we apply these studies to the deuteron, $\rho$ meson, and $D_{s0}^*(2317)$, and analyze their properties.