Quantum-critical electrodynamics of Luttinger fermions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the quantum electrodynamics of Luttinger fermions with quadratic band-crossing in three dimensions, revealing stable non-Fermi liquid phases and a multicritical point with Lifshitz scaling leading to a transition to a chiral spin liquid.

Contribution

It extends the LAB model to include transverse gauge fluctuations and identifies a stable non-Fermi liquid phase and a novel multicritical point with Lifshitz scaling.

Findings

LAB phase is stable against gauge fluctuations

Identified a multicritical Lifshitz point with unique scaling

Predicted a transition to a chiral spin liquid with emergent photons

Abstract

We study the quantum electrodynamics of Luttinger fermions with quadratic band-crossing dispersion in three dimensions. The model can be viewed as the low-energy effective theory of a putative $U(1)$ quantum spin liquid with fermionic Luttinger spinons, or as an extension of the Luttinger-Abrikosov-Beneslavskii (LAB) model that accounts for transverse gauge fluctuations with finite photon velocity. Aided by a renormalization group analysis below four dimensions, we elucidate the presence and stability of quantum critical phenomena in this model. We find that the non-Fermi liquid LAB phase is stable against gauge fluctuations, and can thus also be viewed as a $U(1)$ spin liquid with gapless Luttinger spinons. We discover a multicritical point with Lifshitz scaling that corresponds to a time-reversal symmetry-breaking quantum phase transition from the LAB state to a chiral spin liquid with spinon Landau levels and birefringent emergent photons. This multicritical point is characterized by a finite fermion-photon coupling in the infrared and can be viewed as a fermionic analog of the Rokhsar-Kivelson point in three-dimensional quantum dimer models.