Correlating Gravitational Waves with $W$-boson Mass, FIMP Dark Matter, and Majorana Seesaw Mechanism

TL;DR

This paper proposes a minimal Standard Model extension with right-handed neutrinos and a scotogenic scalar doublet, linking W-boson mass, FIMP dark matter, and gravitational waves from electroweak phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a model connecting W-boson mass, neutrino masses, dark matter, and gravitational waves, with predictions for detectable signals in future experiments.

Findings

Model explains W-boson mass discrepancy

FIMP dark matter is generated naturally

Gravitational waves from electroweak phase transition are predicted

Abstract

We study a minimal extension of the Standard Model by introducing three right-handed neutrinos and a new scotogenic scalar doublet, in which the mass splittings between neutral and charged components are responsible for the $W$-boson mass newly measured by the CDF collaboration. This model can not only generate non-vanishing Majorana neutrino masses via the interaction of right-handed neutrinos and scotogenic scalars, but also explain the Universe's missing matter in the form of FIMP dark matter. We also study the influence of the mass splitting on the first order electroweak phase transition, and find that it can further enhance the transition strength and thus induce gravitational waves during the phase transition, which may be detected in the forthcoming detectors such as U-DECIGO.