Impacts of gravitational-wave standard siren observations from Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer on weighing neutrinos in interacting dark energy models

TL;DR

Future gravitational-wave observations from Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer can slightly improve neutrino mass constraints within interacting dark energy models, while significantly enhancing other cosmological parameter estimations.

Contribution

This study assesses the impact of third-generation GW standard siren observations on neutrino mass constraints in interacting dark energy models, highlighting limited improvements for neutrino mass but significant gains for other parameters.

Findings

GW observations slightly improve neutrino mass constraints in IDE models.

Constraints on other cosmological parameters are significantly improved.

Neutrino mass limits remain model-dependent and only marginally better.

Abstract

The multi-messenger gravitational-wave (GW) observation for binary neutron star merger events could provide a rather useful tool to explore the evolution of the universe. In particular, for the third-generation GW detectors, i.e., the Einstein Telescope (ET) and the Cosmic Explorer (CE), proposed to be built in Europe and the U.S., respectively, lots of GW standard sirens with known redshifts could be obtained, which would exert great impacts on the cosmological parameter estimation. The total neutrino mass could be measured by cosmological observations, but such a measurement is model-dependent and currently only gives an upper limit. In this work, we wish to investigate whether the GW standard sirens observed by ET and CE could help improve the constraint on the neutrino mass, in particular in the interacting dark energy (IDE) models. We find that the GW standard siren observations from ET and CE can only slightly improve the constraint on the neutrino mass in the IDE models, compared to the current limit. The improvements in the IDE models are weaker than in the standard cosmological model. Although the limit on neutrino mass can only be slightly updated, the constraints on other cosmological parameters can be significantly improved by using the GW observations.