Neutron spectroscopy evidence for a possible magnetic-field-induced gapless quantum-spin-liquid phase in a Kitaev material $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$

TL;DR

This study uses neutron scattering to show that applying an in-plane magnetic field to $ ext{α-RuCl}_3$ suppresses magnetic order and induces a potential gapless quantum spin liquid phase near a critical field, revealing a field-driven quantum phase transition.

Contribution

It provides experimental evidence of a magnetic-field-induced transition from zigzag order to a possible gapless QSL in $ ext{α-RuCl}_3$, advancing understanding of field-tuned quantum spin liquids.

Findings

Suppression of zigzag magnetic order with increasing magnetic field.

Emergence of a continuum of excitations indicating a QSL near the critical field.

Identification of a phase diagram with zigzag, QSL, and polarized phases.

Abstract

As one of the most promising Kitaev quantum-spin-liquid (QSL) candidates, $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ has received a great amount of attention. However, its ground state exhibits a long-range zigzag magnetic order, which defies the QSL phase. Nevertheless, the magnetic order is fragile and can be completely suppressed by applying an external magnetic field. Here, we explore the evolution of magnetic excitations of $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ under an in-plane magnetic field, by carrying out inelastic neutron scattering measurements on high-quality single crystals. Under zero field, there exist spin-wave excitations near the $M$ point and a continuum near the $\mit\Gamma$ point, which are believed to be associated with the zigzag magnetic order and fractional excitations of the Kitaev QSL state, respectively. By increasing the magnetic field, the spin-wave excitations gradually give way to the continuous excitations. On the verge of the critical field $\mu_0H_{\rm c}=7.5$ T, the former vanish and only the latter is left, indicating the emergence of a pure QSL state. By further increasing the field strength, the excitations near the $\mit\Gamma$ point become more intense. By following the gap evolution of the excitations near the $\mit\Gamma$ point, we are able to establish a phase diagram composed of three interesting phases, including a gapped zigzag order phase at low fields, possibly-gapless QSL phase near $\mu_0H_{\rm c}$, and gapped partially polarized phase at high fields. These results demonstrate that an in-plane magnetic field can drive $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ into a long-sought QSL state near the critical field.