Isospin dependent properties of the isotopic chain of Scandium and Titanium nuclei within the relativistic mean-field formalism

TL;DR

This study investigates the isospin-dependent properties of Scandium and Titanium isotopes using relativistic mean-field models, revealing shape transitions, shell closures, and correlations with symmetry energy and neutron-skin thickness.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of isospin-dependent nuclear properties in Scandium and Titanium isotopes using advanced relativistic models, highlighting shape transitions and shell closures.

Findings

Shape transition from spherical to prolate near N ≥ 44 for Scandium and N ≥ 40 for Titanium.

Identification of shell closures at neutron numbers N=20 and 28.

Signatures of sub-shell closures near the drip-line at N=34 and 50.

Abstract

The density-dependent nuclear symmetry energy is directly related to the isospin asymmetry for finite and infinite nuclear systems. It is critical to determine the coefficients of symmetry energy and its related observables as it holds great importance in different areas of nuclear physics, such as analyzing the structure of ground state exotic nuclei and neutron star study. The ground state bulk properties such as nuclear binding energy, quadrupole deformation, two-neutron separation energy, the differential variation of two-neutron separation energy, and root-mean-square charge radius for Scandium (Z = 21), and Titanium (Z = 22) nuclei are calculated. The coherent density fluctuation model is used to estimate the isospin-dependent properties of finite nuclei such as symmetry energy and its surface and volume components from its corresponding value in infinite nuclear matter system. Finally, we correlate the neutron-skin thickness with the coefficient of symmetry energy and its related observables corresponding to these isotopic chains of nuclei. The relativistic mean-field formalism with non-linear NL3 and Relativistic-Hartree-Bogoliubov with density-dependent DD-ME2 interaction parameters are employed in the present analysis. A shape transition is observed from spherical to prolate near N $\geq$ 44 and N $\geq$ 40 for Sc- and Ti- isotopic chain, respectively. Notable signatures of shell and/or sub-shell closures have been found for the magic neutron numbers at N = 20 and 28 for both the isotopic chain using the nuclear bulk and isospin quantities. In addition to these, a few signatures of shell/sub-shell closure are observed near the drip-line region, at N = 34 and 50 by following the surface/isospin dependent observables, namely symmetry energy and its component for both the isotopic chain of odd-A Sc- and even-even Ti- nuclei.