MTH5: an archive and exchangeable data format for magnetotelluric time series data

TL;DR

This paper introduces MTH5, a hierarchical data format for magnetotelluric time series data, along with open-source Python tools for data handling, addressing the lack of standards in the field.

Contribution

The paper presents a new standardized data format (MTH5) and associated Python packages for improved management and interoperability of magnetotelluric time series data.

Findings

MTH5 facilitates data organization aligned with collection processes.

Python packages enable easy reading, writing, and manipulation of MTH5 files.

The format supports FAIR data principles in geophysical research.

Abstract

Magnetotellurics (MT) is a passive electromagnetic geophysical method that measures variations in subsurface electrical resistivity. MT data are collected in the time domain and processed in the frequency domain to produce estimates of a transfer function representing the Earth's electrical structure. Unfortunately, the MT community lacks metadata and data standards for time series data. As the community grows and findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse of digital assets (FAIR) data principles are enforced by government and funding agencies, a standard is needed for time series data. Presented here is a hierarchical data format (MTH5) that is logically formatted to how MT data are collected. Open-source Python packages are also described to read, write, and manipulate MTH5 files. These include a package to deal with metadata (\texttt{mt\symbol{95}metadata}) based on standards developed by the Working Group for Magnetotelluric Data Handling and Software assembled by the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), and \texttt{mth5}: a package to interact with MTH5 files that uses \texttt{mt\symbol{95}metadata}. Example code and workflows are presented.