The FAST Ultra-Deep Survey (FUDS): observational strategy, calibration and data reduction

TL;DR

The FAST Ultra-Deep Survey (FUDS) aims to detect HI in galaxies at redshifts below 0.42 using FAST, focusing on high sensitivity and resolution to study galaxy evolution, with initial data showing promising detections.

Contribution

This paper details the observational strategy, calibration, and data reduction methods for FUDS, including initial results and RFI mitigation techniques.

Findings

128 HI galaxies detected in initial data

Effective RFI mitigation strategies implemented

Comparison with Arecibo data validates methods

Abstract

The FAST Ultra-Deep Survey (FUDS) is a blind survey that aims for the direct detection of HI in galaxies at redshifts $z<0.42$. The survey uses the multibeam receiver on the Five Hundred Meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) to map six regions, each of size 0.72 deg$^2$ at high sensitivity ($\sim 50 \mu$Jy) and high frequency resolution (23 kHz). The survey will enable studies of the evolution of galaxies and their HI content with an eventual sample size of $\sim 1000$. We present the science goals, observing strategy, the effects of radio frequency interference (RFI) at the FAST site, our mitigation strategies and the methods for calibration, data reduction and imaging as applied to initial data. The observations and reductions for the first field, FUDS0, are completed, with around 128 HI galaxies detected in a preliminary analysis. Example spectra are given in this paper, including a comparison with data from the overlapping GAL2577 field of Arecibo Ultra-Deep Survey (AUDS).