Theoretical analysis of the leptonic decays $B\to \ell \ell \ell\bar\nu_{\ell}$: Identical leptons in the final state

TL;DR

This paper provides a theoretical analysis of the decay process $B^+ o ext{leptons} + ar{ u}$ with identical leptons, highlighting differences in distributions and proposing an observable for experimental measurement.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed differential distribution analysis for decays with identical leptons and demonstrates that interference effects are negligible, simplifying experimental analysis.

Findings

Interference between direct and exchange diagrams is less than 1%.

Differential distributions differ significantly from non-identical lepton cases.

Proposes an observable based on invariant mass of same-charge lepton pairs.

Abstract

We study the effects of the identical leptons in the final state of the $B^+\to \ell^+ \ell^- \ell^+\bar\nu_{\ell}$ decay. The amplitude of the process is described by the same form factors as the amplitude of the ${B\to \ell \ell \ell'\bar\nu'_{\ell}}$ decay for non-identical leptons in the final state. However, the differential distributions are strongly different, as the ${B^+\to \ell^+ \ell^- \ell^+\bar\nu_{\ell}}$ amplitude contains both the direct ($M_a$) and the exchange ($M_b$) diagrams. We calculate a number of the differential distirbutions. In particular, we propose an interesting observable that can be readily measured experimentally - the differential distribution over the invariant mass of the pair of leptons of the same charge, $\ell^+ \ell^+$. The good news is that the interference between $M_a$ and $M_b$, $d{\cal B}_{ab}$, is found to be at the level of less than 1\% in all considered differental distributions and therefore can be neglected in the full kinematical region of this decay.