Prethermal nematic order and staircase heating in a driven frustrated Ising magnet with dipolar interactions

TL;DR

This paper explores the complex non-equilibrium phases of a driven frustrated 2D Ising magnet with dipolar interactions, revealing prethermal nematic order and multi-step heating processes relevant for experiments on magnetic materials.

Contribution

It uncovers the rich non-equilibrium phase diagram of a driven frustrated Ising magnet, highlighting the emergence of prethermal phases with nematic order before thermalization.

Findings

Identification of prethermal nematic and stripe phases

Multi-step heating process towards infinite temperature

Implications for experiments on ferromagnetic thin films

Abstract

Many-body systems subject to a high-frequency drive can show intriguing thermalization behavior. Prior to heating to a featureless infinite-temperature state, these systems can spend an exponentially long time in prethermal phases characterized by various kinds of order. Here, we uncover the rich non-equilibrium phase diagram of a driven frustrated two-dimensional Ising magnet with competing short-range ferromagnetic and long-range dipolar interactions. We show that the ordered stripe and nematic phases, which appear in equilibrium as a function of temperature, underpin subsequent prethermal phases in a new multi-step heating process en route towards the ultimate heat death. We discuss implications for experiments on ferromagnetic thin films and other driving induced phenomena in frustrated magnets.