Advancements in high refractive index media: from quantum coherence in atomic system to deep sub-wavelength coupling in metamaterials

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent progress in designing high refractive index materials, from quantum coherence effects to deep sub-wavelength metamaterials, highlighting their importance in various optical applications.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of high refractive index media, emphasizing the transition from quantum effects to metamaterial engineering.

Findings

Summarizes key methods for achieving high refractive index.

Highlights the progression from quantum coherence to metamaterials.

Discusses implications for device development.

Abstract

Refractive index enhancement is crucial in the field of lithography, imaging, optical communications, solar devices and many more. We present a review of advancements in the process of designing high refractive index metamaterials, starting from quantum coupling and photonic bandgap materials to metamaterials utilizing deep subwavelength coupling to achieve ever-high values of refractive index. A crisp and critical impression of each scheme are presented. The understanding of evolution of material design from intrinsic electronic states manipulation to meta-atoms design is not only fascinating but prerequisite to developing successful devices and applications.