A Large-scale Dataset of (Open Source) License Text Variants

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive large-scale dataset of open source license texts, enabling diverse research in legal text analysis, license classification, and software licensing history.

Contribution

It introduces a dataset of 6.5 million unique license files from the Software Heritage archive, with rich metadata for research and analysis.

Findings

Dataset enables empirical studies on open source licensing

Supports training of automated license classifiers

Facilitates NLP and historical analyses of legal texts

Abstract

We introduce a large-scale dataset of the complete texts of free/open source software (FOSS) license variants. To assemble it we have collected from the Software Heritage archive-the largest publicly available archive of FOSS source code with accompanying development history-all versions of files whose names are commonly used to convey licensing terms to software users and developers.The dataset consists of 6.5 million unique license files that can be used to conduct empirical studies on open source licensing, training of automated license classifiers, natural language processing (NLP) analyses of legal texts, as well as historical and phylogenetic studies on FOSS licensing. Additional metadata about shipped license files are also provided, making the dataset ready to use in various contexts; they include: file length measures, detected MIME type, detected SPDX license (using ScanCode), example origin (e.g., GitHub repository), oldest public commit in which the license appeared.The dataset is released as open data as an archive file containing all deduplicated license files, plus several portable CSV files for metadata, referencing files via cryptographic checksums.