Fully tunable longitudinal spin-photon interactions in Si and Ge quantum dots

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that fully tunable longitudinal spin-photon interactions in silicon and germanium quantum dots can enable high-fidelity, scalable two-qubit gates, overcoming limitations of residual couplings in current architectures.

Contribution

It introduces a method to achieve and control longitudinal spin-photon interactions in hole spin qubits, facilitating scalable quantum computing with high fidelity.

Findings

Longitudinal interactions naturally emerge in hole spin qubits.

Interactions can be fully tuned and modulated externally.

Protocols for high-fidelity two-qubit gates are proposed.

Abstract

Spin qubits in silicon and germanium quantum dots are promising platforms for quantum computing, but entangling spin qubits over micrometer distances remains a critical challenge. Current prototypical architectures maximize transversal interactions between qubits and microwave resonators, where the spin state is flipped by nearly resonant photons. However, these interactions cause back-action on the qubit, that yield unavoidable residual qubit-qubit couplings and significantly affect the gate fidelity. Strikingly, residual couplings vanish when spin-photon interactions are longitudinal and photons couple to the phase of the qubit. We show that large longitudinal interactions emerge naturally in state-of-the-art hole spin qubits. These interactions are fully tunable and can be parametrically modulated by external oscillating electric fields. We propose realistic protocols to measure these interactions and to implement fast and high-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates. These protocols work also at high temperatures, paving the way towards the implementation of large-scale quantum processors.