Quantum integrability: Lagrangian 1-form case

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum integrability concept based on multi-dimensional consistency and zero-curvature conditions, leading to a path-independent multi-time propagator and a new perspective on quantum path summation.

Contribution

It formulates a quantum integrability framework using Lagrangian 1-form structure, zero-curvature conditions, and multi-time propagators, advancing the understanding of quantum multi-dimensional consistency.

Findings

Zero-curvature condition implies multi-dimensional consistency.

Path-independent multi-time propagator established.

Semi-classical approximation connects classical action with quantum propagator.

Abstract

A new notion of integrability called the multi-dimensional consistency for the integrable systems with the Lagrangian 1-form structure is captured in the geometrical language for quantum level. A zero-curvature condition, which implies the multi-dimensional consistency, will be a key relation, e.g. Hamiltonian operators. Therefore, the existence of the zero-curvature condition directly leads to the path-independent feature of the mapping, e.g. multi-time evolution in the Schr\"{o}dinger picture. Another important result is the formulation of the continuous multi-time propagator. With this new type of the propagator, a new perspective on summing all possible paths unavoidably arises as not only all possible paths in the space of dependent variables but also in the space of independent variables must be taken into account. The semi-classical approximation is applied to the multi-time propagator expressing in terms of the classical action and the fluctuation around it. Therefore, the extremum propagator, resulting in path independent feature on the space of independent variables, would guarantee the integrability of the system.