The OGLE Collection of Variable Stars. Nearly 66,000 Mira stars in the Milky Way

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive catalog of nearly 66,000 Mira variable stars in the Milky Way from the OGLE project, including new discoveries, detailed parameters, and time-series data, facilitating galactic structure studies.

Contribution

The authors compiled the largest Mira star catalog with high purity and completeness, including new discoveries and detailed observational data, useful for machine learning and galactic research.

Findings

Approximately 47,532 new Mira stars identified.

Catalog completeness estimated at about 96%.

Examples of stars changing types over time.

Abstract

We present a collection of 65,981 Mira-type variable stars found in the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) project database. Two-thirds of our sample (40,356 objects) are located in the Galactic bulge fields, whereas 25,625 stars are in the Galactic disk. The vast majority of the collection (47,532 objects) are new discoveries. We provide basic observational parameters of the Mira variables: equatorial coordinates, pulsation periods, $I$-band and $V$-band mean magnitudes, $I$-band brightness amplitudes, and identifications in other catalogs of variable stars. We also provide the $I$-band and $V$-band time-series photometry collected since 1997 during the OGLE-II, OGLE-III, and OGLE-IV phases. The classical selection process, i.e., mostly based on the visual inspection of light curves by experienced astronomers, led us to the high purity of the catalog. As a result, this collection can be used as a training set in the machine learning classification algorithms. Using overlapping parts of adjacent OGLE fields, we estimate the completeness of the catalog to be about 96%. We compare and discuss the statistical features of Miras located in different regions of the Milky Way. We show examples of stars that change their type over time, from a semi-regular variable to Mira and vice versa. This dataset is perfectly suited to study the three-dimensional structure of the Milky Way, and it may help to explain the puzzle of the X-shaped bulge.