Deterministic distribution of orbital angular momentum multiplexed continuous-variable entanglement and quantum steering

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the generation and distribution of orbital angular momentum multiplexed continuous-variable entangled states, analyzing their robustness against noise and decoherence, which is crucial for high-capacity quantum communication.

Contribution

It provides the first analysis of quantum steering and entanglement decoherence in OAM multiplexed states in noisy channels, showing their potential for quantum information processing.

Findings

Decoherence of OAM multiplexed states is similar to Gaussian modes with l=0 in lossy channels.

High-order OAM states exhibit sudden death of entanglement and steering under excess noise.

Feasibility of high-capacity quantum communication using OAM multiplexed CV entangled states is demonstrated.

Abstract

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing provides an efficient method to improve data-carrying capacity in various quantum communication protocols. It is a precondition to distribute OAM multiplexed quantum resources in quantum channels for implementing quantum communication. However, quantum steering of OAM multiplexed optical fields and the effect of channel noise on OAM multiplexed quantum resources remain unclear. Here, we generate OAM multiplexed continuous-variable (CV) entangled states and distribute them in lossy or noisy channels. We show that the decoherence property of entanglement and quantum steering of the OAM multiplexed states carrying topological charges $l=1$ and $l=2$ are the same as that of the Gaussian mode with $l=0$ in lossy and noisy channels. The sudden death of entanglement and quantum steering of high-order OAM multiplexed states is observed in the presence of excess noise. Our results demonstrate the feasibility to realize high data-carrying capacity quantum information processing by utilizing OAM multiplexed CV entangled states.