Measurement-based interleaved randomised benchmarking using IBM processors

TL;DR

This paper introduces a measurement-based interleaved randomized benchmarking protocol for quantum computers, demonstrated on IBM processors, to accurately estimate single-qubit gate fidelities amidst noise.

Contribution

It presents a novel benchmarking protocol for measurement-based quantum gates and validates it on real IBM quantum hardware, showing its effectiveness in noise detection.

Findings

Protocol accurately estimates gate fidelities.

Good agreement with quantum process tomography.

Detects large noise variations.

Abstract

Quantum computers have the potential to outperform classical computers in a range of computational tasks, such as prime factorisation and unstructured searching. However, real-world quantum computers are subject to noise. Quantifying noise is of vital importance, since it is often the dominant factor preventing the successful realisation of advanced quantum computations. Here we propose and demonstrate an interleaved randomised benchmarking protocol for measurement-based quantum computers that can be used to estimate the fidelity of any single-qubit measurement-based gate. We tested the protocol on IBM superconducting quantum processors by estimating the fidelity of the Hadamard and T gates - a universal single-qubit gate set. Measurements were performed on entangled cluster states of up to 31 qubits. Our estimated gate fidelities show good agreement with those calculated from quantum process tomography. By artificially increasing noise, we were able to show that our protocol detects large noise variations in different implementations of a gate.