Classical mass inflation vs semiclassical inner horizon inflation

TL;DR

This paper compares classical and semiclassical effects on the inner horizon of a black hole, showing that quantum effects may counteract classical mass inflation and alter the horizon's behavior.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the classical mass inflation instability and explores the semiclassical backreaction, revealing potential quantum effects that oppose classical horizon dynamics.

Findings

Classical mass inflation causes inward displacement of the inner horizon.

Quantum effects can induce outward inflation of the inner horizon.

Semiclassical backreaction may counteract classical mass inflation effects.

Abstract

We analyse the geometry of a spherically symmetric black hole with an inner and outer apparent horizon which is perturbed by spherical null shells of matter. On a classical level we observe that the mass inflation instability is triggered, resulting in a growth of curvature and an inward displacement of the inner horizon. We study in detail the inner structure of the mass-inflated region and compare it with previous results obtained for the case in which the perturbing matter content has a continuous distribution. We then perform an approximate calculation of the renormalised stress-energy tensor of a quantum field in the vicinity of the inner horizon, and analyse the semiclassical backreaction on this region of the geometry. We find that the classical tendency for this horizon to move inward due to mass inflation is challenged and potentially overcome by a semiclassical tendency for it to inflate outward.