Cross-correlations between mm-wave line-intensity mapping and weak lensing surveys: preliminary consideration of long-term prospects

TL;DR

This paper explores the potential for detecting cross-correlations between mm-wave line-intensity mapping and weak lensing surveys, forecasting future prospects and current limitations for understanding large-scale structure and cosmic molecular gas density.

Contribution

It provides a forecast of the detectability of cross-power spectra between LIM and weak lensing surveys, highlighting future capabilities and current challenges in the field.

Findings

Future LIM and LSST surveys could achieve a high signal-to-noise detection.

Current pathfinder surveys are likely to yield marginal detections.

Cross-correlation can constrain cosmic molecular gas density at z<1.

Abstract

The field of millimetre-wave line-intensity mapping (LIM) is seeing increased experimental activity with pathfinder surveys already deployed or deploying in the next few years, making spectroscopic measurements of unresolved atomic and molecular line emission tracing the large-scale structure of the Universe. The next decade will also see the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) undertake a photometric galaxy survey programme of unprecedented scope, including measurements of cosmic shear exploiting weak gravitational lensing (WL) of background galaxies to map projected large-scale structure. We consider prospects for detecting angular cross power spectra between non-tomographic cosmic shear and mm-wave LIM surveys that measure emission from CO lines at $z=0.5$-$1$. We forecast that once the LSST Year 10 WL dataset is available, a future LIM experiment, conceivably deployed in the next 10-15 years, would enable such a cross-correlation detection with an overall signal-to-noise ratio of $50$, although the current pathfinder generation of CO/[C II] surveys are more likely to achieve a marginal $2\sigma$ detection against an earlier-stage LSST WL dataset. The signal has modest astrophysical constraining power yielding competitive constraints on cosmic molecular gas density at $z\lesssim1$, and degeneracies between astrophysical parameters and the intrinsic alignment amplitude mean that external information on either one could allow the cross-correlation analysis to significantly improve its constraints on the other.