High Efficiency, Low Cost, RF Sources for Accelerators and Colliders

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent developments in high-efficiency, low-cost RF sources for accelerators, highlighting designs that achieve over 80% efficiency and 100 kW power output across various frequencies.

Contribution

It introduces multiple RF source designs with high efficiency and low cost, providing experimental results and operational status for each.

Findings

Magnetron system and power grid-tube source cost estimates: $1/W and $0.75/W.

All sources achieve >80% efficiency and >100 kW power output.

Operational frequencies range from 300 MHz to 1.3 GHz.

Abstract

Several high efficiency, low cost, RF sources are in development or recently completed. All are designed to provide operating efficiencies exceeding 80% and provide more than 100 kW of output power with a focus on high average power or CW operation. The sources include (1) a magnetron system with amplitude and phase control, a multiple beam, power grid-tube based source, a multiple beam inductive output tube, and a klystron using the core oscillation method. The estimated cost for the magnetron system and multiple beam power grid-tube source are one dollar per Watt and 75 cents per Watt, respectively. Operating frequencies span the range from 300 MHz (power grid tube) to 1.3 GHz (magnetron and klystron). This paper describes the basic operation of the sources, indicates the status and schedule, and provides available experimental results.