Baryon asymmetry from Barrow entropy: theoretical predictions and observational constraints

TL;DR

This paper explores how Barrow entropy modifications to Friedmann equations can generate baryon asymmetry during the early universe, providing observational constraints on the Barrow exponent.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism linking Barrow entropy corrections to baryon asymmetry and derives observational bounds on the Barrow exponent.

Findings

Barrow entropy induces non-zero baryon asymmetry during radiation era.

The Barrow exponent is constrained to 0.005 to 0.008 by observations.

A non-zero lower bound on the Barrow exponent is established.

Abstract

We investigate the generation of baryon asymmetry from the corrections brought about in the Friedman equations due to Barrow entropy. In particular, by applying the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture one obtains extra terms in the Friedmann equations that change the Hubble function evolution during the radiation-dominated epoch. Hence, even in the case of standard coupling between the Ricci scalar and baryon current they can lead to a non-zero baryon asymmetry. In order to match observations we find that the Barrow exponent should lie in the interval $0.005 \lesssim \Delta \lesssim 0.008$, which corresponds to a slight deviation from the standard Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. The upper bound is tighter than the one of other observational constraints, however the interesting feature is that in the present analysis we obtain a non-zero lower bound. Nevertheless this lower bound would disappear if the baryon asymmetry in Barrow-modified cosmology is generated by other mechanisms, not related to the Barrow modification.