Watkins' conjecture for elliptic curves over function fields

TL;DR

This paper extends Watkins' conjecture from rational elliptic curves to those over function fields, proving it in several cases including semi-stable curves, quadratic twists, and a family with unbounded rank.

Contribution

It proves Watkins' conjecture for elliptic curves over function fields in multiple cases, including semi-stable, quadratic twists, and specific families with unbounded rank.

Findings

Watkins' conjecture holds for semi-stable elliptic curves over function fields after scalar extension.

The conjecture is valid for quadratic twists with many prime factors.

It is also proven for a family of elliptic curves with unbounded rank due to Ulmer.

Abstract

In 2002 Watkins conjectured that given an elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, its Mordell-Weil rank is at most the $2$-adic valuation of its modular degree. We consider the analogous problem over function fields of positive characteristic, and we prove it in several cases. More precisely, every modular semi-stable elliptic curve over $\mathbb{F}_q(T)$ after extending constant scalars, and every quadratic twist of a modular elliptic curve over $\mathbb{F}_q(T)$ by a polynomial with sufficiently many prime factors satisfy the analogue of Watkins' conjecture. Furthermore, for a well-known family of elliptic curves with unbounded rank due to Ulmer, we prove the analogue of Watkins' conjecture.