Thermodynamic principle for quantum metrology

TL;DR

This paper establishes a fundamental thermodynamic principle linking energy consumption to measurement precision in quantum metrology, highlighting the role of quantum Fisher information erasure and connecting thermodynamics with quantum information theory.

Contribution

It introduces a general thermodynamic principle governing energy use in quantum metrology, analogous to Landauer's principle, based on quantum Fisher information erasure.

Findings

The principle relates energy dissipation to measurement precision in quantum sensing.

It provides insights into quantum resource advantages in energy efficiency.

Serves as a bridge between thermodynamics and quantum information concepts.

Abstract

The heat dissipation in quantum metrology represents not only an unavoidable problem towards practical applications of quantum sensing devices but also a fundamental relationship between thermodynamics and quantum metrology. However, a general thermodynamic principle which governs the rule of energy consumption in quantum metrology, similar to Landauer's principle for heat dissipation in computations, has remained elusive. Here, we establish such a physical principle for energy consumption in order to achieve a certain level of measurement precision in quantum metrology, and show that it is intrinsically determined by the erasure of quantum Fisher information. The principle provides a powerful tool to investigate the advantage of quantum resources, not only in measurement precision but also in energy efficiency. It also serves as a bridge between thermodynamics and various fundamental physical concepts related in quantum physics and quantum information theory.