The Exact WKB analysis for asymmetric scalar preheating

TL;DR

This paper applies exact WKB analysis to a complex scalar field's differential equations, revealing how Stokes phenomena induce matter-antimatter asymmetry and highlighting differences between exact and perturbative approaches.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of exact WKB analysis to asymmetric scalar preheating, elucidating the role of Stokes phenomena in matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Findings

Interference of Stokes phenomena causes matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Exact calculations can forbid asymmetry where perturbative methods suggest false asymmetry.

Demonstrates the importance of non-perturbative analysis in particle production.

Abstract

Using the exact WKB analysis of the higher-order differential equations, we analyze the asymmetry in dynamical particle production of a complex scalar field. The solution requires the Stokes phenomena of the fourth-order differential equation. We found that the interference of different types of the Stokes phenomena causes matter-antimatter asymmetry. We also showed a specific example where asymmetry is forbidden in the exact calculation, but a false asymmetry appears in the perturbative expansion.