Quantum Information Masking in Non-Hermitian Systems and Robustness

TL;DR

This paper explores quantum information masking in non-Hermitian systems, demonstrating conditions for deterministic masking, the role of $ ext{eta}$-orthogonality, and analyzing robustness against noise, including probabilistic masking in multipartite systems.

Contribution

It introduces new masking protocols for non-Hermitian systems, including $ ext{eta}$-orthogonal states and probabilistic masking, and studies their robustness under noise.

Findings

Deterministic masking possible for mutually orthogonal states

Masking of $ ext{eta}$-orthogonal states via pseudo-unitary operators

Robustness of masking under various quantum noise channels

Abstract

By studying quantum information masking in non-Hermitian quantum systems, we show that mutually orthogonal quantum states can be deterministically masked, while an arbitrary set of quantum states cannot be masked in non-Hermitian quantum systems. We further demonstrate that a set of linearly independent states which are mutually $\eta$-orthogonal can be deterministically masked by a pseudo-unitary operator. Moreover, we study robustness of quantum information masking against noisy environments. The robustness of deterministic and probabilistic quantum information masking under different quantum noise channels is analyzed in detail. Accordingly, we propose and discuss the $r$-uniform probabilistic quantum information masking in multipartite systems.