One-to-one correspondence between thermal structure factors and coupling constants of general bilinear Hamiltonians

TL;DR

This paper extends a theorem linking static spin-spin correlators to coupling constants in quantum spin Hamiltonians, making it applicable at finite temperatures and to a broader class of bilinear Hamiltonians, including electron interactions.

Contribution

It generalizes an existing theorem to finite temperatures and broadens its scope to include all bilinear Hamiltonians, enhancing quantum Hamiltonian learning methods.

Findings

The theorem now applies at finite temperature.

It relates density-density correlators to Coulomb matrix elements.

Broadens applicability to all bilinear Hamiltonians.

Abstract

A theorem that establishes a one-to-one relation between zero-temperature static spin-spin correlators and coupling constants for a general class of quantum spin Hamiltonians bilinear in the spin operators has been recently established by J. Quintanilla, using an argument in the spirit of the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem in density functional theory. Quintanilla's theorem gives a firm theoretical foundation to quantum spin Hamiltonian learning using spin structure factors as input data. Here we extend the validity of the theorem in two directions. First, following the same approach as Mermin, the proof is extended to the case of finite-temperature spin structure factors, thus ensuring that the application of this theorem to experimental data is sound. Second, we note that this theorem applies to all types of Hamiltonians expressed as sums of bilinear operators, so that it can also relate the density-density correlators to the Coulomb matrix elements for interacting electrons in the lowest Landau level.