Characterizing Grounded Theory Approaches in Visualization

TL;DR

This paper examines how grounded theory can be applied to visualization research, comparing workflows, proposing a typology and methodology, and demonstrating its use in analyzing visualization discourse.

Contribution

It introduces a structured methodology for applying grounded theory in visualization research and explores its potential roles and applications within the field.

Findings

GT workflows share characteristics with visualization workflows

GT has been applied to generate visualization theories

A practical methodology for GT in VIS is demonstrated

Abstract

Grounded theory (GT) is a research methodology that entails a systematic workflow for theory generation grounded on emergent data. In this paper, we juxtapose GT workflows with typical workflows in visualization and visual analytics, shortly VIS, and underline the characteristics shared by these workflows. We explore the research landscape of VIS to observe where GT has been applied to generate VIS theories, explicitly as well as implicitly. We propose a "why" typology for characterizing aspects in VIS where GT can potentially play a significant role. We outline a "how" methodology for conducting GT research in VIS, which addresses the need for theoretical advancement in VIS while benefitting from other methods and techniques in VIS. We exemplify this "how" methodology by adopting GT approaches in studying the messages posted on VisGuides - an Open Discourse Forum for discussing visualization guidelines.