Beam Squint-Aware Integrated Sensing and Communications for Hybrid Massive MIMO LEO Satellite Systems

TL;DR

This paper proposes a beam squint-aware integrated sensing and communications scheme for hybrid massive MIMO LEO satellite systems, effectively mitigating beam squint effects and enabling simultaneous wireless communication and target sensing.

Contribution

It introduces a novel beam squint-aware ISAC technique tailored for LEO satellite systems that leverages statistical channel information to improve performance.

Findings

The proposed scheme effectively mitigates beam squint effects.

Simultaneous communication and sensing are achieved with satisfactory performance.

Simulation results validate the efficiency of the proposed method in typical LEO systems.

Abstract

The space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN) plays an important role in offering global coverage. To improve the efficient utilization of spectral and hardware resources in the SAGSIN, integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) has drawn extensive attention. Most existing ISAC works focus on terrestrial networks and can not be straightforwardly applied in satellite systems due to the significantly different electromagnetic wave propagation properties. In this work, we investigate the application of ISAC in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems. We first characterize the statistical wave propagation properties by considering beam squint effects. Based on this analysis, we propose a beam squint-aware ISAC technique for hybrid analog/digital massive MIMO LEO satellite systems exploiting statistical channel state information. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can operate both the wireless communications and the target sensing simultaneously with satisfactory performance, and the beam-squint effects can be efficiently mitigated with the proposed method in typical LEO satellite systems.