Phase separation and multistability of two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical cavity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical cavity exhibits multistability and various density structures due to immiscibility conditions, affecting the system's hysteresis behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a variational approach to analyze multistability and density structures in coupled Bose-Einstein condensates within optical cavities, expanding understanding of their phase behavior.

Findings

Identification of density structures like separated and stripe states.

Multistability linked to spatial configurations of the condensate.

Hysteresis curves are significantly affected by these structures.

Abstract

We examine the multistability associated with miscibility-immiscibility conditions for a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to the light field in an optical cavity. For a strongly immiscible condition, the system exhibits a variety of density structures, including separated state, stripe state, and their coexistence. The multistability arises from these spatial structures of the two-component condensate, which significantly alter the hysteresis curve with respect to the intensity of cavity pumping. We present a variational approach to confirm our numerical results.