A nanodiamonds-engineered optical-fiber plasmonic interface for sensitivity-enhanced biosensing

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel method of integrating nanodiamonds onto a plasmonic fiber interface to significantly enhance biosensing sensitivity, demonstrating a 73.8% improvement over non-modified sensors.

Contribution

It is the first to integrate nanodiamonds on a plasmonic fiber interface for biosensing, optimizing conditions for maximum sensitivity enhancement.

Findings

Achieved RI sensitivity of 3582 nm/RIU with optimized conditions.

Sensitivity increased by 73.8% compared to non-modified interface.

Validated biosensing enhancement using bovine serum albumin.

Abstract

Benefitting from the excellent characteristics such as low cytotoxicity, functionalization versatility, and tunable fluorescence, nanodiamonds (NDs) have shown enormous application potentials in the biomedical field. Herein, we proposed, for the first time to our best knowledge, to integrate NDs on a plasmonic interface constructed on a side-polished fiber using drop-casting method. The added NDs engineers the plasmonic interface towards improving the sensing field, thus enhancing the sensitivity, which, moreover, is significantly dependent on the number of drop-casting cycles (DCs) and the used concentration of NDs dispersion solution. Experimental results suggest that properly increasing the NDs dispersion concentration is beneficial to obtain a higher sensitivity while using a fewer number of DCs, but the excessive concentration extremely deteriorates the resonance dip. Experimentally, using the optimal 0.2 mg/mL concentration and 3 DCs, we achieve the highest RI sensitivity of 3582 nm/RIU, which shows an enhancement of 73.8% compared to the case without NDs modification. The sensitivity enhancement in biosensing is also proved by employing bovine serum albumin as a demo. The behind mechanism is explored via characterizations and simulations. This work opens up a new application form for NDs, i.e. integrating NDs with a plasmonic interface towards high-performance biosensing.