Casimir effect in kinetic theory
Xingyu Guo, Jiaxing Zhao, Pengfei Zhuang
TL;DR
This paper investigates the Casimir effect in photon gases using quantum kinetic theory, revealing how thermal motion and non-equilibrium dynamics influence the Casimir force.
Contribution
It derives kinetic equations for photon distribution and calculates Casimir forces considering boundary conditions, extending understanding beyond traditional vacuum scenarios.
Findings
Thermal motion suppresses Casimir force in equilibrium.
Casimir force oscillates and decays in non-equilibrium.
Force ultimately disappears over time in non-equilibrium.
Abstract
We study Casimir effect in equilibrium and non-equilibrium photon gas in the frame of quantum kinetic theory for gauge field. We derive first the transport, constraint and gauge fixing equations for the photon number distribution from Maxwell's equations, and then calculate the energy variation and Casimir force for a finite system by considering boundary condition on the surface of the system. The Casimir force in vacuum is suppressed by the thermal motion of photons in equilibrium state, when considering two adiabatic plates. In non-equilibrium state, the photon induced Casimir force oscillates and decays with time and finally disappears.
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