Insights into the equation of state of neutron-rich matter since GW170817

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent advances in understanding the equation of state of neutron-rich matter, driven by gravitational wave observations like GW170817, highlighting progress in neutron-star physics and multi-messenger astronomy.

Contribution

It synthesizes recent observational and theoretical developments that have significantly advanced knowledge of neutron-rich matter since GW170817.

Findings

Enhanced constraints on neutron-star equation of state

Progress in multi-messenger observational techniques

Improved models of neutron-rich matter behavior

Abstract

The historical detection of gravitational waves emitted from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 has opened the new era of multi-messenger astronomy. Since then, many other significant discoveries -- both on heaven and earth -- are providing new clues into the behavior of neutron-rich matter. It is the goal of this article to illustrate how the remarkable progress made during the last few years is spearheading the field into the golden age of neutron-star physics.