Notes on extraction of energy from an extremal Kerr-Newman black hole via charged particle collisions

TL;DR

This paper examines the potential for extracting high energy from extremal Kerr-Newman black holes through charged particle collisions, extending previous theoretical results to microscopic particles in the equatorial plane.

Contribution

It demonstrates that high-energy particle escape is compatible with microscopic particles near extremal Kerr-Newman black holes, generalizing earlier findings to more realistic particle scenarios.

Findings

High-energy particle escape is possible with charged particles near extremal Kerr-Newman black holes.

Results are consistent with microscopic particle properties in the equatorial plane.

The study extends the theoretical framework of the BSW effect to more realistic conditions.

Abstract

The so-called BSW effect is an idealised scenario for high-energy test particle collisions in the vicinity of black holes; if the black hole is extremal and one of the particles fine-tuned, the centre-of-mass collision energy can be arbitrarily high. It has been recently shown that the energy of escaping particles produced in this process can also be arbitrarily high in the given approximation, as long as both the black hole and the escaping particles are charged, regardless of how small the black-hole charge might be. We revisit these results and show that they are also compatible with properties of microscopic particles for the case of motion in the equatorial plane of an extremal Kerr-Newman black hole.