A Therapeutic Stress Ball to Monitor Hand Dexterity and Electrodermal Activity

TL;DR

This paper introduces a triboelectric nanogenerator-based stress ball that monitors hand gestures and physiological signals, offering a low-cost, tactile, and self-powered solution for physical therapy and stress assessment.

Contribution

It presents a novel multi-point sensor network integrated into a stress ball using TENG technology, enabling gesture and physiological monitoring with a simple, low-power design.

Findings

Self-powered sensors produce distinct impulses upon contact and release.

Silver-coated nylon electrodes effectively detect electrodermal activity.

The device successfully captures hand tremors and finger removal events.

Abstract

This work presents a triboelectric nanogenerator-based (TENG) therapeutic stress ball to provide gesture monitoring and physiological data on patients requiring physical therapy of various degrees. The device utilizes a 5-layer stack of silicone and braided silver-coated nylon rope electrodes to create a sensor network that monitors 40-points across the surface of a semi-spherical prototype. A modified version of a standard ECG circuit was utilized to provide proper loading, noise rejection, filtering, and phase of the TENG signals along with multiplexing of the many electrodes. All system components were selected with a final embedded system in mind. Testing of the device was conducted utilizing an Arduino Uno and an EVAL-AD5940BIOZ evaluation board for electrodermal activity for stress and/or pain after exercise. An accelerometer was included for device activation and hand tremor detection. Upon testing, the self-powered TENG sensors produce positive impulses upon contact and negative impulses upon release of contact from the surface of the ball. Furthermore, finger removal detection was demonstrated by capturing the associated negative impulse by maintaining the bipolar signal in our conditioning circuit. EDA results indicate silver-coated nylon as a potentially good dry-electrode which can be used with even more electrodes for bio-impedance or ECG capture to further expand the device functionality. A MATLAB-based GUI was designed to provide the user with data tracking and visual monitoring of the data via serial communication from the microcontrollers. Finally, it should be noted that this provides a means for low-cost low-power gesture tracking without the use of flexible capacitive grid arrays and provides the user with a pleasant tactile experience that one expects form a stress ball due to its unique material design.