Dynamics of reconfigurable straw-like elements

TL;DR

This paper develops and validates a dynamic model for fluid-filled, reconfigurable straw-like elements with multiple stable states, crucial for soft robotics and adaptive structures, considering nonlinear elasticity and fluid effects.

Contribution

The paper introduces a comprehensive dynamic model for interconnected elastic frusta with multiple stable states, validated through experiments and simulations, advancing understanding of reconfigurable soft structures.

Findings

The model accurately predicts the overall dynamics of straw-like elements.

Experimental results confirm the nonlinear elastic behavior.

Simple uniaxial models are insufficient for these structures.

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss the dynamic modeling of fluid-filled straw-like elements consisting of serially interconnected elastic frusta with both axisymmetric and antisymmetric degrees of freedom, assuming planar motion. Under appropriate conditions each sub-structure has four stable equilibrium states. This gives the system under investigation the ability to remain stable in a large number of complex states, which is a vital ability for myriad of applications, including reconfigurable structures and soft robots. The theoretical model explains the dynamics of a single straw-like element in a discrete manner, considering inertial, damping, and gravitational effects, while taking into account the nonlinear elasticity of the elastic frusta, and assuming hydrostatic behavior of the entrapped fluid. After identifying the geometric and elastic parameters of the theoretical model based on relatively simple experiments, the model is validated compared to numerical simulations and experiments. The numerical simulations validate the theoretical elasticity of the elastic frusta, whereas the overall dynamic behavior of the system and the influence of unmodeled fluidic effects are examined experimentally. It is demonstrated both theoretically and empirically that straw-like elements cannot be adequately modeled using simple uniaxial deformations. In addition, the experimental validation indicates that the suggested model can accurately capture their overall dynamics.