Neutrino flavor oscillations in a rotating spacetime

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the rotation of a gravitational source influences neutrino oscillations in a weak gravitational field, revealing significant deviations from non-rotating models especially near black holes and for astrophysical scenarios.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of neutrino oscillations in rotating spacetimes using the Kerr metric, highlighting the impact of rotation on oscillation probabilities and phase modifications.

Findings

Rotation significantly alters neutrino oscillation probabilities.

Even small rotations can impact neutrino flavor detection.

Effects are prominent in astrophysical and cosmological contexts.

Abstract

We study neutrino oscillations in a rotating spacetime under the weak gravity limit for the trajectories of neutrinos which are constrained in the equatorial plane. Using the asymptotic form of the Kerr metric, we show that the rotation of the gravitational source non-trivially modifies the neutrino phase. We find that the oscillation probabilities deviate significantly from the corresponding results in the Schwarzschild spacetime when neutrinos are produced near the black hole (still in the weak-gravity limit) with non-zero angular momentum and detected on the same side, i.e., the non-lensed neutrino. Moreover, for a given gravitational body and geometric parameters, there exists a distance scale for every energy scale (and vice versa), after which the rotational contribution in the neutrino phase becomes significant. Using the sun-sized gravitational body in the numerical analysis of the one-sided neutrino propagation, we show that even a small rotation of the gravitational object can significantly change the survival or appearance events of a neutrino flavor registered by the detector, which is located on the earth. These effects are expected to be prominent for cosmological/astrophysical scenarios where neutrinos travel past by many (rotating) gravitational bodies and for large distances. Thus rotational effects of all such bodies must be incorporated in analyzing oscillations data.