Conformally curved initial data for charged, spinning black hole binaries on arbitrary orbits

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method for generating initial data for charged, spinning black hole binaries on arbitrary orbits, using conformally curved metrics and electromagnetic constraints, implemented in a pseudospectral code.

Contribution

It generalizes the superposed Kerr-Schild approach to include Kerr-Newman metrics and electromagnetic constraints, providing an independent and versatile initial data construction method.

Findings

Successfully constructed initial data for highly charged and rapidly spinning black holes.

Performed exploratory evolutions with different codes, including charged cases.

Demonstrated potential for modeling binary black hole waveforms in modified gravity theories.

Abstract

We present a method to construct conformally curved initial data for charged black hole binaries with spin on arbitrary orbits. We generalize the superposed Kerr-Schild, extended conformal thin sandwich construction from [Lovelace et al., Phys. Rev. D {78}, 084017 (2008)] to use Kerr-Newman metrics for the superposed black holes and to solve the electromagnetic constraint equations. We implement the construction in the pseudospectral code SGRID. The code thus provides a complementary and completely independent excision-based construction, compared to the existing charged black hole initial data constructed using the puncture method [Bozzola and Paschalidis, Phys. Rev. D {99}, 104044 (2019)]. It also provides an independent implementation (with some small changes) of the Lovelace et al. vacuum construction. We construct initial data for different configurations of orbiting binaries, e.g., with black holes that are highly charged or rapidly spinning (90 and 80 percent of the extremal values, respectively, for this initial test, though the code should be able to produce data with even higher values of these parameters using higher resolutions), as well as for generic spinning, charged black holes. We carry out exploratory evolutions with the finite difference, moving punctures codes BAM (in the vacuum case) and HAD (for head-on collisions including charge), filling inside the excision surfaces. In the charged case, evolutions of these initial data provide a proxy for binary black hole waveforms in modified theories of gravity. Moreover, the generalization of the construction to Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory should be straightforward.