Effects of Mercury surface temperature on the sodium abundance in its exosphere

TL;DR

This study investigates how Mercury's surface temperature influences sodium levels in its exosphere, introducing a new thermophysical model that better explains sodium variability observed along Mercury's orbit.

Contribution

The paper presents a new thermophysical model for Mercury's surface temperature that improves the understanding of sodium exosphere variability compared to previous models.

Findings

The new model successfully reproduces sodium maxima at aphelion and perihelion.

Surface temperature variations are crucial for explaining sodium exosphere changes.

Improved temperature mapping enhances exospheric modeling accuracy.

Abstract

The link between the surface temperature of Mercury and the exosphere sodium content has been investigated. Observations show that, along the orbit of Mercury, two maxima of total Na content are present: one at aphelion and one at perihelion. Previous models, based on a simple thermal map, were not able to reproduce the aphelion peak. Here we introduce a new thermophysical model giving soil temperatures as an input for the IAPS exospheric model already used in the past with the input of a simple thermal map. By comparing the reference model output with the new one, we show that such improved surface temperature map is crucial to explain the temporal variability of Sodium along the orbit.