Higher-derivative holography with a chemical potential

TL;DR

This paper explores higher-derivative Einstein-Maxwell theories holographically, analyzing charged black holes, correlators, phase transitions, and entanglement, while imposing physical constraints to ensure consistency and uncovering novel phenomena like zero shear viscosity.

Contribution

It introduces a fully analytic, non-perturbative framework for higher-derivative holography with chemical potential, including new constraints and detailed thermodynamic and entanglement analyses.

Findings

Charged black hole solutions are obtained analytically.

Shear viscosity can approach zero at large chemical potential.

Exotic phase transitions are constrained by physical principles.

Abstract

We carry out an extensive study of the holographic aspects of any-dimensional higher-derivative Einstein-Maxwell theories in a fully analytic and non-perturbative fashion. We achieve this by introducing the $d$-dimensional version of Electromagnetic Quasitopological gravities: higher-derivative theories of gravity and electromagnetism that propagate no additional degrees of freedom and that allow one to study charged black hole solutions analytically. These theories contain non-minimal couplings, that in the holographic context give rise to a modified $\langle JJ\rangle$ correlator as well as to a general $\langle TJJ \rangle$ structure whose coefficients we compute. We constrain the couplings of the theory by imposing CFT unitarity and positivity of energy (which we show to be equivalent to causality in the bulk) as well as positive-entropy bounds from the weak gravity conjecture. The thermodynamic properties of the dual plasma at finite chemical potential are studied in detail, and we find that exotic zeroth-order phase transitions may appear, but that many of them are ruled out by the physical constraints. We further compute the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, and we show that it can be taken to zero while respecting all the constraints, providing that the chemical potential is large enough. We also obtain the charged R\'enyi entropies and we observe that the chemical potential always increases the amount of entanglement and that the usual properties of R\'enyi entropies are preserved if the physical constraints are met. Finally, we compute the scaling dimension and magnetic response of twist operators and we provide a holographic derivation of the universal relations between the expansion of these quantities and the coefficients of $\langle JJ\rangle$ and $\langle TJJ \rangle$.