Implementation of the rROF denoising method in the cWB pipeline for gravitational-wave data analysis

TL;DR

This paper integrates an iterative rROF denoising method into the cWB pipeline for gravitational-wave data, demonstrating improved noise reduction and signal preservation, which enhances detection capabilities.

Contribution

It introduces and calibrates two variants of the rROF denoising algorithm within the cWB pipeline, showing the iterative approach's effectiveness in real gravitational-wave data.

Findings

Iterative rROF denoising improves noise removal while preserving signals.

Higher signal-to-noise ratios achieved with the new denoising step.

Potentially enhances gravitational-wave detection and source analysis.

Abstract

The data collected by the current network of gravitational-wave detectors are largely dominated by instrumental noise. Total variation methods based on L1-norm minimization have recently been proposed as a powerful technique for noise removal in gravitational-wave data. In particular, the regularized Rudin-Osher-Fatemi (rROF) model has proven effective to denoise signals embedded in either simulated Gaussian noise or actual detector noise. Importing the rROF model to existing search pipelines seems therefore worth considering. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of two variants of the rROF algorithm as two separate plug-ins of the coherent Wave Burst (cWB) pipeline designed to conduct searches of unmodelled gravitational-wave burst sources. The first approach is based on a single-step rROF method and the second one employs an iterative rROF procedure. Both approaches are calibrated using actual gravitational-wave events from the first three observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration, namely GW1501914, GW151226, GW170817, and GW190521, encompassing different types of compact binary coalescences. Our analysis shows that the iterative version of the rROF denoising algorithm implemented in the cWB pipeline effectively eliminates noise while preserving the waveform signals intact. Therefore, the combined approach yields higher signal-to-noise values than those computed by the cWB pipeline without the rROF denoising step. The incorporation of the iterative rROF algorithm in the cWB pipeline might hence impact the detectability capabilities of the pipeline along with the inference of source properties.